Drosophila melanogaster Codon Usage Table

See the most used codons, highest-fraction synonymous codons, and full codon usage frequencies for Drosophila melanogaster.

Use frequency to find the most common codons in this organism, and use fraction to compare synonymous codon preference within the same amino acid family.

Escherichia coli Saccharomyces cerevisiae Arabidopsis thaliana Caenorhabditis elegans Cricetulus griseus Drosophila melanogaster Homo sapiens Spodoptera frugiperda Mus musculus Nicotiana tabacum Pichia pastoris Sus scrofa Rattus norvegicus Streptomyces Zea mays

Choose Organism and Display

These settings control the summary cards and the full codon usage table below.

Top Codons by Frequency

Codons ranked by frequency per 1,000 codons in the selected organism.

GAG

Amino acid: E

Fraction 0.67

Freq 42.9

AAG

Amino acid: K

Fraction 0.71

Freq 39.6

CTG

Amino acid: L

Fraction 0.43

Freq 38.5

CAG

Amino acid: Q

Fraction 0.70

Freq 36.7

GCC

Amino acid: A

Fraction 0.45

Freq 33.7

GTG

Amino acid: V

Fraction 0.47

Freq 28.0

GAT

Amino acid: D

Fraction 0.53

Freq 27.4

GGC

Amino acid: G

Fraction 0.43

Freq 26.8

Top Codons by Fraction

Synonymous codons ranked by fraction. Stop codons and single-codon amino acids are excluded.

AAG

Amino acid: K

Fraction 0.71

Freq 39.6

TGC

Amino acid: C

Fraction 0.71

Freq 13.1

CAG

Amino acid: Q

Fraction 0.70

Freq 36.7

GAG

Amino acid: E

Fraction 0.67

Freq 42.9

TTC

Amino acid: F

Fraction 0.63

Freq 21.9

TAC

Amino acid: Y

Fraction 0.63

Freq 18.4

CAC

Amino acid: H

Fraction 0.60

Freq 16.0

AAC

Amino acid: N

Fraction 0.56

Freq 26.3

Preferred Codons by Amino Acid

One preferred codon per amino acid, ranked by frequency to surface practical defaults.

GAG

Amino acid: E

Fraction 0.67

Freq 42.9

AAG

Amino acid: K

Fraction 0.71

Freq 39.6

CTG

Amino acid: L

Fraction 0.43

Freq 38.5

CAG

Amino acid: Q

Fraction 0.70

Freq 36.7

GCC

Amino acid: A

Fraction 0.45

Freq 33.7

GTG

Amino acid: V

Fraction 0.47

Freq 28.0

GAT

Amino acid: D

Fraction 0.53

Freq 27.4

GGC

Amino acid: G

Fraction 0.43

Freq 26.8

Drosophila melanogaster: (Genetic code: Standard)

Print-friendly 2-column table in genetic code order. Frequency is shown per 1,000 codons.

Triplet	Amino acid	Fraction	Frequency/Thousand	Number	Triplet	Amino acid	Fraction	Frequency/Thousand	Number
TTT TTC TTA TTG	F F L L	0.37 0.63 0.05 0.18	13.1 21.9 4.4 16.0	241,160 402,987 80,654 294,929	TCT TCC TCA TCG	S S S S	0.08 0.24 0.09 0.20	6.9 19.5 7.8 16.7	127,758 359,352 142,775 307,642
TAT TAC TAA TAG	Y Y * *	0.37 0.63 0.42 0.32	10.7 18.4 0.8 0.6	196,987 338,493 14,550 11,721	TGT TGC TGA TGG	C C * W	0.29 0.71 0.26 1.00	5.3 13.1 0.5 9.8	98,056 241,823 9,358 181,191
CTT CTC CTA CTG	L L L L	0.10 0.15 0.09 0.43	8.9 13.9 8.2 38.5	164,079 255,170 150,674 709,057	CCT CCC CCA CCG	P P P P	0.13 0.33 0.25 0.29	6.9 18.0 13.5 16.0	127,584 331,799 248,604 293,998
CAT CAC CAA CAG	H H Q Q	0.40 0.60 0.30 0.70	10.5 16.0 15.6 36.7	194,039 294,555 287,398 674,575	CGT CGC CGA CGG	R R R R	0.16 0.33 0.15 0.15	8.8 18.2 8.5 8.2	161,800 334,733 155,637 151,728
ATT ATC ATA ATG	I I I M	0.34 0.47 0.19 1.00	16.4 22.9 9.3 23.5	302,063 421,851 171,610 431,822	ACT ACC ACA ACG	T T T T	0.17 0.38 0.19 0.26	9.5 21.4 10.9 14.5	175,261 393,516 201,178 267,095
AAT AAC AAA AAG	N N K K	0.44 0.56 0.29 0.71	21.0 26.3 16.5 39.6	385,441 483,430 304,266 729,428	AGT AGC AGA AGG	S S R R	0.14 0.25 0.09 0.11	11.5 20.5 5.1 6.3	211,452 377,750 93,738 115,430
GTT GTC GTA GTG	V V V V	0.18 0.24 0.11 0.47	10.9 13.9 6.3 28.0	200,189 254,974 116,035 514,471	GCT GCC GCA GCG	A A A A	0.19 0.45 0.17 0.19	14.4 33.7 12.7 14.1	265,295 620,889 234,549 259,119
GAT GAC GAA GAG	D D E E	0.53 0.47 0.33 0.67	27.4 24.7 20.9 42.9	504,880 454,677 383,850 789,807	GGT GGC GGA GGG	G G G G	0.21 0.43 0.29 0.07	13.2 26.8 17.8 4.6	243,460 492,283 326,983 85,472

Showing 64 entries for Drosophila melanogaster.

Frequency is measured per 1,000 codons. Fraction compares codons that encode the same amino acid.

Questions this table can answer

Which codons are most common in Drosophila melanogaster?

Which synonymous codons are preferred in Drosophila melanogaster?

Which codons should be checked before expression design?

How to use this page

Use the summary cards to find the most used and highest-fraction codons quickly.

Switch sorting in the full table when you want to compare by frequency, fraction, or count.

Use the full organism list and search codons/amino acids on the Codon Usage Frequency Table.

FAQ

What are the most used codons in Drosophila melanogaster?

Use the "Most Used Codons" section to see which codons appear most often in Drosophila melanogaster. The ranking is based on frequency per 1,000 codons.

Which codons have the highest fraction in Drosophila melanogaster?

Use the "Highest Fraction Codons" section to compare synonymous codons for the same amino acid. Single-codon amino acids and stop codons are excluded so the ranking reflects codon preference rather than trivial 1.00 values.

What is the difference between codon frequency and codon fraction in Drosophila melanogaster?

Frequency measures how often a codon appears per 1,000 codons in the dataset. Fraction measures how strongly that codon is preferred relative to alternative codons encoding the same amino acid.

How should I use this Drosophila melanogaster codon usage table for optimization?

Start with the preferred-codon summaries to identify likely defaults, then review the full table below before making codon optimization or expression design decisions.